What disease is characterized by inflammation of the liver?

Hepatitis is the correct answer as it directly refers to the inflammation of the liver. This condition can be caused by various factors, including viral infections, toxins, alcohol consumption, and certain medications. There are different types of hepatitis, such as A, B, and C, each with its own causes and modes of transmission, but they all share the common characteristic of liver inflammation.

Cirrhosis, while also related to liver disease, is a result of long-term damage to the liver that leads to scarring and impaired liver function. It is not characterized by inflammation in the initial stages, although inflammation can be a contributing factor to its development over time.

Influenza is a viral infection that primarily affects the respiratory system and does not involve the liver.

Pancreatitis refers to the inflammation of the pancreas, which is a separate organ with different functions from the liver. Thus, hepatitis most accurately matches the description provided in the question.