What is one important step every human can take to prevent the transfer of microorganisms?

Hand washing is one of the most important and effective steps individuals can take to prevent the transfer of microorganisms. This practice helps remove dirt, bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens that can be present on the hands after various activities, such as using the restroom, handling food, or touching surfaces. By thoroughly washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, individuals significantly reduce the risk of infecting themselves or others with harmful microorganisms.

Other methods, while beneficial in certain contexts, do not provide the same level of comprehensive prevention as hand washing. Wearing gloves can help protect against the spread of microorganisms in specific situations but is not practical for everyday activities. Coughing into the elbow can prevent the spread of respiratory droplets, but it does not address the transfer of microorganisms from hands, which are often in contact with numerous surfaces. Avoiding crowded places can minimize exposure to pathogens but does not actively remove microorganisms from one's hands or surfaces that might be touched. Thus, hand washing remains a fundamental practice for overall hygiene and infection control.