What is the primary function of the stratum corneum?

The primary function of the stratum corneum is to act as a barrier that protects the underlying layers of the skin. This outermost layer consists of dead skin cells that are tightly packed together, forming a robust shield against environmental hazards such as pathogens, chemicals, and physical abrasions. Additionally, the stratum corneum helps to prevent water loss from the body, which is crucial for maintaining hydration and overall skin health.

The other functions mentioned, such as melanin production, temperature regulation, and hair growth, involve different components of the skin and do not pertain to the role of the stratum corneum. Melanin is produced by melanocytes, which are located deeper in the skin layers. Temperature regulation is primarily managed by blood vessels and sweat glands, while hair growth occurs in the hair follicles, not in the stratum corneum. Understanding these distinct roles highlights the stratum corneum's essential function in skin protection and integrity.