What is the process of removing dust and soil from physical spaces and objects?

The process of removing dust and soil from physical spaces and objects is best described as cleaning. Cleaning involves the physical removal of dirt, dust, and other particles from surfaces, which can include sweeping, dusting, and wiping down items. This process typically employs soap, detergents, or other cleaning agents to aid in the removal of debris.

While sanitation, disinfection, and sterilization are related concepts concerning hygiene and cleanliness, they serve different purposes. Sanitation refers to reducing the number of microorganisms to a safe level, often in food handling or public spaces. Disinfection involves using chemical agents to kill a higher percentage of germs on surfaces, particularly in healthcare settings. Sterilization is a more extreme process that eradicates all forms of microbial life, including spores, and is mainly used for surgical instruments. Thus, cleaning specifically focuses on the tangible act of removing dirt and debris, making it the correct term for this process.