What term describes a microorganism that can cause disease?

The term that describes a microorganism capable of causing disease is "pathogen." Pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that can invade the body and disrupt normal physiological functions, leading to illness. Understanding the role of pathogens is crucial in various fields, including health and hygiene, as they are often the target for prevention and treatment strategies. This knowledge is particularly important in a waxing practice, where maintaining a hygienic environment is essential to prevent skin infections or reactions that may arise from pathogens.

The other terms, while related to health and disease, have different meanings. An antigen refers to a substance that prompts an immune response, typically recognized by the body's immune system as foreign. Prophylactic refers to a measure taken to prevent disease, such as vaccines or protective procedures. An inoculant is a substance used to introduce beneficial microorganisms into a host—often seen in agricultural or microbiological contexts rather than in direct relation to causing disease. Understanding the distinctions among these terms enhances comprehension of the role microorganisms play in both health and disease management.